Kale, especially the handsome Cavolo Nero, is a brilliant vegetable to grow through the winter (when all the caterpillars and whitefly have gone to ground). Rich in folate, phytonutrients and antioxidants, just looking at the stuff will do you good. This soup is light and fresh, but also does what a winter soup should and is comfortingly hearty too.

1. Heat the oil in a large saucepan, add the chopped onion, fennel seeds, chili flakes and garlic, then cook gently for a few minutes until the onion is soft.
2. Add the chopped tomatoes and the juice of half a lemon. After these have been cooking for a few minutes add the rest of the ingredients, bring to the boil and then simmer for 20 minutes until the kale and pasta are cooked.
3. Season, sprinkle with grated lemon zest, parmesan shavings and serve (with optional ciabatta bread).